Azerbaijan
Background
Azerbaijan
has been involved in a conflict with
Armenia
over the Azeri
republic
of
Nagorno-Karabakh
, which is under the military control of
Armenia
.
Azerbaijan
has approximately a million refugees and a large
population of internally displaced people.
Azerbaijan
is a republic with a documented poor human rights
record. In the 2001 Human Rights
Report, the U.S. State Department described
Azerbaijan
’s poor human rights record, including a lack of
support for the democratic governance process, the death of prison inmates and
detainees during detention, the use of torture and force by police to extract
confessions, the government’s continued holding of political prisoners, and
life-threatening prison conditions. Moreover,
the report detailed limits on freedom of speech, press, freedom of assembly and
association, harassment of religious minorities, and limits on worker’s
rights.
Azerbaijan
also experienced violence and discrimination against
women and religious and ethnic minorities, as well as trafficking in persons (www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/eur/8225pf.htm).
U.S.
Military Assistance Prior to
Sept. 11, 2001
According to the Stockholm
International Peace Research Institute, the UN Arms Register and the Human
Development Report,
Azerbaijan
had no arms imports in the last 10 years.
Azerbaijan
has an armed force totaling 72,000 soldiers (Human
Development Report 2002) and a military expenditure of $121 million in 1999, or
2.6 percent of GDP (CIA World Factbook 2001).
Prior to Sept. 11,
Azerbaijan
had been under
U.S.
sanctions since 1993.
However, the country did receive $513,227 in 2001 in military training,
according to the Foreign Military Training Report (www.fas.org/asmp/campaigns/trainign/FMTT2002/Index.htm).
Azerbaijan
did not receive any
U.S.
weapons between 1990-2001, except for $38,000 in Direct
Commercial Sales deliveries in 1996 (although $541,000 had been licensed in
1996). In 1997,
Azerbaijan
was granted $6,000 worth of DCS, but no weapons were
ever delivered as part of this licensing.
U.S.
Military Assistance Since
Sept. 11, 2001
Since
Sept. 11,
Azerbaijan
has been the beneficiary of lifted
U.S.
sanctions. In the 2001 emergency
supplemental bill passed immediately after Sept. 11,
Azerbaijan
received $3 million nonproliferation, anti-terrorism, demining and related
programs (NADR) funding, and was allocated an additional $3.23 million in NADR
funding for FY 03. The NADR funding
is part of a $45.5 million fund for “specialized training and equipment to
prevent and respond to terrorist incidents” (FY 01 Emergency Supplemental).
The funding also includes the $42.2 million allocated for military
training and equipment for border security forces in
Central
Asia
.
Azerbaijan
was allotted $4 million in FMF in FY 02, $3 million in FMF in FY’03, and
promised $2.5 million in FMF for FY 04. Moreover,
Azerbaijan
was allocated $750,000 for IMET in FY 03 and $900,000 for IMET in FY 04.
Azerbaijan
was also appropriated $46 million as part of the FSA in FY 03 and $41.5 million
in FSA funding for FY’04.
ANNEX
CASE STUDY PROFILES
|
Country
|
Govt.
Type
|
Infant
Mortality
Rate
(per 1,000 live births)
2001
est.
|
Total
Armed
Forces
(thousands)
2000
est.
|
Military
Exp.
US$
(millions)
|
Military
Exp.
%
GDP
|
Imports/
Conventional
Arms
Transfers
US$
(millions)
2001
est.
|
Human
Rights Record
2001
|
|
Azerbaijan
|
republic
|
83.08
|
72
|
$121
(FY99)
|
2.6%
(FY99)
|
0
|
Poor
|
|
United
Nations Register of Conventional Arms
|
|
Country
|
1993
|
1994
|
1995
|
1996
|
1997
|
1998
|
1999
|
2000
|
2001
|
|
Azerbaijan
|
Did
not
Participate
|
Did
not
Participate
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Did
not
Participate
|
Did
not
Participate
|
0
|
0
|
|
Country
|
Fiscal
Year
|
IMET
|
FMF
|
FSA
|
ESF
|
Total
|
|
Azerbaijan
|
1990
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
1991
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
1992
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
1993
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
1994
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
1995
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
1996
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
1997
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
1998
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
1999
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
2000
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
2001
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
2002
|
$377,000
|
$4,000,000
|
$43,510,000
|
$0
|
$47,887,000
|
|
2002 ERF
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
2002 SUP
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
$0
|
|
2003
(request)
|
$750,000
|
$3,000,000
|
$46,000,000
|
$0
|
$49,750,000
|
|
2004
(request)
|
$900,000
|
$2,500,000
|
$41,500,000
|
$0
|
$44,900,000
|
|
Total
|
$2,027,000
|
$9,500,000
|
$131,010,000
|
$0
|
$142,537,000
|
Sources:
CIA
Factbook 2001
Human
Development Report 2002
Stockholm
International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) 2001, Appendix 5C Register of the
transfers and licensed production of major conventional weapons
United
Nations Register of Conventional Arms
U.S.
Department of State Human Rights
Report 2001- Released
March 4, 2002
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