Parties to Conflict

Duration

Cause(s)

Foreign Mediation/ Involvement

Middle East

Turkey vs. Kurds

1961-00

Independence

None

Lebanon: factions

1978-

Power, Territory

Syria, Iran

Asia

Fiji vs. insurgents

2000

Ethnic

None

Laos: internal

1999-

Economic, Ethnic

Vietnam

Myanmar (Burma) vs. factions; National League for Democracy

1942-

1988-

Ethnic & Drugs; Democracy

U.S., U.N., Association of South East Asian Nations

Tajikistan vs. United Tajik Opposition

1992-97

Religious

U.N., OSCE, CIS (Russian & Uzbekistan "peacekeepers")

Solomon Islands: Malaita Eagle Force and Isatabu Freedom Movement

1998-00

Ethnic & Economic

Australia and New Zealand- led International Peace Monitoring Team

Africa

Cameroon vs. Nigeria

1994-96

Bakassi Islands

None

Central African Republic

2000

Economic

U.N., France

Chad vs. Muslim separatists

1965-

Religious

None

Guinea Bissau vs. former army rebels

1998-00

Power

Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG), U.N.

Mozambique vs. RENAMO

2000

Power

None

Nigeria: internal

1970-

Religious, Ethnic, Economic

None

Republic of Congo

1998-

Power

Angola

Somalia: factions

1978-

Ethnic

U.N. (humanitarian aid )

Zimbabwe

2000

Racial & Economic

None

Europe

Serbs, Croats & Bosnian Muslims

1990-96

Final status of Bosnia-Herzegovina

NATO Stabilization Force under U.N. mandate, Russia & others

Armenia vs. Azerbaijan

1990-94

Nagorno-Karabakh

OSCE

Republic of Georgia vs. Abkhazia & South Ossetia

1992-93

Independence

U.N., Russia, OSCE

Moldova vs. Trans-Dniester Region

1991-

Ethnic & Economic

OSCE

United Kingdom vs. IRA and other factions

1969-97

Ethnic & Religious

U.S.

Americas

Haiti: factions vs. factions

1991-94; 2000

Economic & Power

U.N., U.S.

Mexico vs. Zapatista & Popular Revolutionary Army

1983- 1993-

Ethnic & Religious

None